Manuscript Preparation

1. Numbering

• The use of numbered section headings is optional. If numbering is used, it should be applied consistently throughout the manuscript.
• The Abstract and References should not be numbered.

2. Tables and Figures

• Tables and figures should be editable and cited in numerical order within the text
• Table titles should appear above the table.
• Figure captions should appear below the figure.
• All tables and figures must be clearly presented, appropriately labelled, and placed within the text.

3. Title

• The title should be clear, concise, accurate, and informative, providing readers with an immediate understanding of the study's focus.
• It should accurately reflect the manuscript's content and include relevant keywords to improve indexing and discoverability.
• Avoid unnecessary words, jargon, abbreviations, and exaggerated or unsupported claims.
• Authors are encouraged to use specific terms that clearly represent the research topic, population, context, or key variables, where appropriate.

4. Author Names and Affiliations

• Authors should provide their official names exactly as they appear in their Google Scholar and Scopus profiles (where available) and ensure that all names are spelled correctly. The affiliation(s) where the research was conducted should be listed below the author names. If an author has more than one affiliation, all affiliations should be provided.
• Affiliations should be presented in the following order: Department or Division, College or Faculty, University or Institution, Country.
• Authors should also provide their e-mail address, preferably an official institutional e-mail address, and their ORCID iD.
• The corresponding author should be identified with an asterisk (*) immediately after their name. The corresponding author is responsible for all communication with the journal during the review, publication, and post-publication stages. To ensure that author names, affiliations, and correspondence details are presented correctly, authors are advised to follow the format used in articles previously published in the journal.

5. Abstract

All manuscripts must include abstracts in both English and Arabic containing identical information. The abstract should be between 150 and 300 words and should be structured using the following subheadings:

Objectives

State clearly the main purpose of the study and the research problem being addressed. The objectives should explain why the study was conducted and what it seeks to achieve.

Methods

Briefly describe the research design, methodology, data collection methods, sample (where applicable), and analytical techniques used to achieve the study objectives.

Results

Summarize the principal findings of the study. Results should be presented clearly and accurately, highlighting the most significant outcomes without interpretation or exaggeration.

Conclusions

Present the main conclusions derived from the findings of the study and, where appropriate, include the practical, theoretical, or policy implications and key recommendations.

The abstract should accurately reflect the content of the manuscript and should not contain references, citations, footnotes, tables, figures, or unexplained abbreviations.

6. Keywords

• Provide 3–5 specific and relevant keywords that accurately reflect the content of the manuscript. Keywords should be included in the Article Information section in the manuscript.
• Keywords should be specific, relevant, and suitable for indexing and retrieval purposes. Authors should avoid overly general terms, plural expressions, multiple concepts within a single keyword, and unnecessary abbreviations. Only abbreviations that are well established and widely recognized within the relevant field may be used.

7. Introduction

The Introduction should clearly present the research problem, objectives, significance of the study, and relevant background. It should provide sufficient context for understanding the study while avoiding an extensive review of the literature or a summary of the study results.

8. Methods

Authors should provide sufficient detail to enable readers to understand how the study was conducted and to evaluate the validity and rigor of the research. Previously published methods should be summarized and supported by appropriate references.

9. Results

Results should be presented clearly, accurately, and concisely. Findings should be reported in a logical sequence and supported, where appropriate, by tables and figures.

10. Discussion

The Discussion should interpret and explain the significance of the findings in relation to the research objectives and existing literature. It should highlight the contribution of the study, discuss its implications, and acknowledge any relevant limitations. Repetition of results should be avoided.

Where appropriate, authors may combine the Results and Discussion sections.

11. Conclusions

The Conclusions section should summarize the principal findings of the study and their implications. Where appropriate, authors may also include recommendations for future research, policy, or practice. The Conclusions may be presented as a separate section or as part of the Discussion section.

12. Acknowledgements

Authors may acknowledge individuals, institutions, or organizations that contributed to the research but do not qualify as authors. Technical, editorial, or financial support should also be acknowledged where appropriate.

13. Data Availability Statement

Authors should include a Data Availability Statement describing the availability of the data supporting the findings of the study. Where applicable, authors should indicate whether the data are publicly available in a trusted repository, available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, or cannot be shared due to ethical, legal, confidentiality, or privacy restrictions. For manuscripts that do not generate or analyze original datasets (e.g., literature reviews, theoretical papers, editorials, or commentaries), authors should state that data sharing is not applicable.

14. Footnotes

This journal does not publish footnotes. Authors should incorporate essential information into the main text whenever possible and avoid the use of footnotes throughout the manuscript.

15. References

Note: All in-text citations and reference list entries must be presented in English (Latin alphabet). References published in Arabic or other non-Latin languages should be transliterated into the Latin alphabet, with English translations of the titles and an indication of the original language (e.g., [In Arabic]). Complete bibliographic information and DOI (when available) must be provided.

References and In-Text Citations (APA 7th Edition)

All in-text citations and references must conform to the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th Edition.

In-Text Citations

• Use the author–date citation format (Author, Year) throughout the manuscript.
• Page number(s) must be provided for all direct quotations.
• Page numbers are also recommended when referring to a specific page, section, paragraph, table, figure, or chapter of a source.

Reference List

• Arrange all references alphabetically by the surname of the first author.
• Arrange multiple works by the same author(s) chronologically according to the year of publication.
• Distinguish works published in the same year by the same author(s) using lowercase letters (e.g., 2023a, 2023b).
• Ensure that every source cited in the text appears in the reference list, and that every reference listed has been cited in the text.

Reference Accuracy

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all references are:

• Accurate.
• Complete.
• Authentic.
• Relevant to the manuscript.
• Retrievable by readers.
• Formatted in accordance with APA 7th Edition.

Where available, authors should include and verify Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), URLs, and other persistent identifiers for all cited references. DOIs should be presented in URL format (e.g., https://doi.org/xxxxx).

Examples of References

The following examples illustrate the reference style required by the journal in accordance with the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), 7th Edition. For additional reference types and detailed guidance, authors are encouraged to consult the official APA Style resources.

Official APA Resources

• APA Style
• APA Style Reference Examples
• APA 7th Edition Reference Examples (PDF)

Journal Article

Raed H. Ogaili, & Layla Albadri. (2025). How to Write an Academic Article: Focusing on Research Elements and Structural Components. Academic International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(1), 01–08. https://doi.org/10.59675/S311

Book / E-book References

Jackson, L. M. (2019). The psychology of prejudice: From attitudes to social action (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000168-000

Chapter in an Edited Book

Parenthetical citation of a chapter of an authored book: (McEwen & Wills, 2014, Chapter 16, p. 363)

Conference Session

Evans, A. C., Jr., Garbarino, J., Bocanegra, E., Kinscherff, R. T., & Márquez-Greene, N. (2019, August 8–11). Gun violence: An event on the power of community [Conference presentation]. APA 2019 Convention, Chicago, IL, United States. https://convention.apa.org/2019-video

Published Dissertation or Thesis

Kabir, J. M. (2016). Factors influencing customer satisfaction at a fast-food hamburger chain: The relationship between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty (Publication No. 10169573) [Doctoral dissertation, Wilmington University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.